Prof. Dr.
Coşkun Can Aktan
THE
ECONOMICS OF MILITARY MANPOWER
PROCUREMENT
SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION
I.
MILITARY MANPOWER PROCUREMENT SYSTEMS
A.
Compulsory Military Service: Conscription Systems
B.
Voluntary Military Service: Voluntary System
C.
Compulsory National Service
II.
CONSCRIPTION IN HISTORY AND RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS IN
VARIOUS COUNTRIES
A.
The Birth of Conscription System
B.
Resistance to Conscription
1.
Draft Resistance Movement in America
2.
Draft Resister’s Union in Australia
3.
Young Resistance Group in France
4.
No-Conscription Fellowship in Britain
III.
CONSCRIPTION VS. VOLUNTARISM: A COMPARISON
A.
Military Perspective: “Citizen Solider” vs.
“Occupation Soldier.”
B.
Philosophical Perspective
C.
Religious and Ethical Perspective
D.
Fairness Perspective
E.
Economic Perspective
IV.
ECONOMICS OF MILITARY MANSPOWER PROCUREMENT
A.
Supply and Demand of Military Manpower
B.
Defense Expenditures and Military Manpower
Expenditures
C.
The Size of the Army in the World
V.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MILITARY MANPOWER EXPENDİTURES
A.
Impact on Resource Allocation
B.
Impact on Economic Development
C.
Impact on Employment
D.
Impact on Inflation
E.
Impact on Government Growth and Budget Deficits
VI.
ECONOMIC COSTS OF THE CONSCRIPTION
A.
Direct Cost (Budgetary Cost)
B.
Indirect Costs
1.
Opportunity Costs
1.1.
Allocative-Efficiency Cost: Opportunity Cost of
Defense and Civilian Output in the National Economy
1.2.
Opportunity Cost of Capital and Labor in Defense
Market: Isoquant-Isocost Analysis
1.3.
Labor Mobility and Labor Turnover Cost
1.4.
Incentive and Uncertainty Cost
1.5.
Other Costs of Conscription
VII.
MILITARY MANPOWER PROCUREMENT IN TURKEY
A.
Compulsory Military Service
B.
Conscription and Praetorianism
C.
Why the Draft?
D.
A Proposal: Voluntary System
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
